Beschreibung
InhaltsangabeIntroduction: Cancer, internal medicine and new imaging.- 1 Principles and performance of CT and MRI.- CT: performance and techniques.- Performance of a CT examination.- Patient explanation and details.- Contraindications.- Patient preparation.- Performance of the examination.- Viewing of the images.- Acquisition techniques and parameters.- Scanogram or scout view.- Thickness and spacing of the slices.- Interstice delays.- Field of view.- Matrix.- Filters.- Continuous rotation and helical mode.- Image reconstructions.- MRI: performance and techniques.- Performance of MRI.- Types of magnet.- Resistive.- Superconducting.- Permanent.- Field strength.- Coils.- Types of sequence.- Spin echo.- Inversion recovery.- Gradient echo.- Opposed phase sequence (Dixon method or chemical shift).- Echoplanar imaging.- Other acquisition parameters.- Orientation of the scan plane.- Number of acquisitions.- Field of view.- Acquisition matrix (NX x NY).- Slice thickness.- Number of slices.- Acquisition time.- Gating.- 2 Contrast agents.- Iodinated contrast agents in CT.- Current data and applications in imaging.- General pharmacokinetics of uro-angiographic contrast agents.- Pharmacokinetics applicable to CT.- Bolus injection.- Injection by slow infusion.- Bolus infusion.- Intra-arterial injection.- Other applications.- Future prospects.- Safety and tolerance.- Iodine concentration imaging.- Contrast agents in MRI.- Current data and applications in imaging.- Classification of MRI contrast agents.- Paramagnetic agents.- Superparamagnetic agents or magnetic susceptibility agents.- Products containing few or no protons, such as perfluorooctylbromide.- Products currently available for diagnostic clinical use.- The chelates of gadolinium, markers of the extracellular space.- Superparamagnetic agents.- Future prospects.- Tissue specific agents.- Fast bolus tracking.- 3 Malignant intracerebral tumors.- Classification of intracranial tumors.- Presenting signs.- Imaging of intracranial tumors: general points.- CT.- Findings.- Differences between intra-axial and extra-axial tumors.- MRI.- Normal appearances.- MRI contrast agents.- Performance of MRI for intracranial tumors.- Findings specific to MRI.- Tumor localization.- Supratentorial tumors.- Intra-axial tumors.- Gliomas.- Cerebral metastases.- Lymphoma.- Pinealoma.- Extra-axial tumors.- Meningioma.- Dural metastases.- Congenital intracranial tumors.- Tumors of the sellar region.- Bony tumors.- Tumors of otorhinolaryngological origin.- Infratentorial tumors.- Infratentorial tumors in children.- Infratentorial tumors in adults.- Pretreatment assessment and management.- Follow-up and post-treatment appearances of intra-axial tumors.- 4 Tumors associated with the neurodermatoses.- Neurofibromatosis.- Neurofibromas.- Neurinomas.- Glial tumors.- Hemispheric gliomas.- Gliomas of the optic pathways.- Meningo-encephalic gliosis.- Gliomas of the spinal cord.- Hamartomas.- Meningiomas.- Other lesions.- Tuberous sclerosis of Bourneville.- Intracerebral tumors.- Subependymal nodules.- Pigmented neurodermatoses.- Basal cell nevomatoses (Gorlin's syndrome).- Angiomatous neurodermatoses.- von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.- Intracranial hemangioblastomas.- Hemangioblastomas of the spinal cord.- 5 Tumors of the optic nerve, eye and orbit.- Clinical signs.- Techniques of investigation.- Classification of orbital tumors.- Orbital tumors in children.- Rhabdomyosarcoma.- Optic nerve glioma.- Teratoma.- Meningioma.- Dermoid cyst.- Meningoencephalocele.- Retinoblastoma.- Rare orbital tumors of childhood.- Orbital tumors of adults.- Vascular tumors.- Cavernous hemangioma.- Orbital varices.- Orbital arterio-venous fistulae.- Rare vascular tumors.- Meningeal or nerve tumors.- Meningioma.- Tumors of hematological origin.- Tumors of the lacrymal gland.- Rare primary orbital tumors.- Secondary orbital tumors by direct spread.- Secondary metastatic orbital tumors.- 6 Malignant sellar, parasellar and skull base tumors.- Diagnosis of an ante
