Beschreibung
During the past several decades, much research effort has gone into the elucidation of the role of neuroendocrine systems as secretory and metabolic regulators of cells of a variety of organs and structures, including the testes, ovaries, adrenals, thyroid, pituitary gland, and mammary glands. However, the role of cells comprising such organs and structures in the modulation of neuroendocrine processes has received considerably less is generally less well appreciated. attention and Nonetheless, it is important that we understand the actions on neuroendocrine systems of substances that reach the brain by way of the vasculature, including hormones, cytokines, toxins, amino acids, drugs, and similar agents. In order to analyze the present state of knowledge on this topic, experimental scientists and clinicians, whose shared interests include actions of circulating agents on the brain, met at a satellite symposium of the XXXI International Congress of Physiological Sciences. This symposium, entitled Circulating Regulatory Factors and Neuroendocrine Function, was held in Smolenice Castle, Czechoslovakia, June 26-July 1, 1989, and reviews delivered at this symposium as invited presentations are published in this volume. Presentations given as free communications have been published separately and are available in Endocrinologia Experimentalis 24: 1-273, 1990.
Autorenporträt
Inhaltsangabe1 The Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Neurons of the Brain: Hormonal Regulation.- Neurotropic Agents.- Prolactin and Fertility.- Prolactin and TIDA Neurons.- Young Adult Female Rats.- Aged Female Rats.- Young Adult Male Rats.- Ovarian Hormones and TIDA Neurons.- Young Adult Female Rats.- Aged Female Rats.- Young Adult Male Rats.- Discussion.- Summary.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 2 The Physiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier.- History.- Morphology of Brain Endothelial Cells.- The Role of the Astrocytes.- Lipid Solubility.- The BBB: A Modified Tight Epithelium.- Transport Mechanisms.- Cell Polarity.- Enzymatic Barriers.- Neurogenic Influences.- Dynamics and Fluctuations of BBB Functions.- Immunological Aspects.- Brain Regions Lacking BBB have a CSF Barrier.- Facilitating Passage of Substances from Blood to Brain.- Increasing Lipid Solubility.- Cationization.- Liposome Entrapment.- Coupling to Substances Entering by Receptor-Mediated Transport.- Experimentally Increasing the BBB Permeability.- Is it Wise to Alter the BBB?.- Summary.- References.- 3 Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuroendocrine Regulations.- Catecholamines and ACTH Secretion.- Serotonin and ACTH Secretion.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 Exchange of Peptides Between the Circulation and the Nervous System: Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier.- Early Work on Peptides and the BBB.- Nonsaturable Passage of Peptides.- Saturable Transport.- Modification of Transport.- Lighting.- Amino Acids.- Monoamines.- Stress.- Aging.- Analgesia.- Aluminum.- Ethanol.- References.- 5 Vasopressin, The Blood-Brain Barrier, and Brain Performance.- The Peripheral and Central Release of Vasopressin.- Vasopressin and Information Processing within the Brain.- The BBB as a Target for Vasopressin.- AVP and Brain Performance.- References.- 6 Neuroendocrine Responses to Emotional Stress: Possible Interactions Between Circulating Factors and Anterior Pituitary Hormone Release.- Methods.- Results.- Discussion.- Summary.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Regulation of the Sympathetic Nervous System by Circulating Vasopressin.- Conclusions.- References.- 8 Antibodies to Neuropeptides: Biological Effects and Mechanisms of Action.- The Humoral Antibody-Peptide Interaction Concept.- Epitopes and Biological Activity.- Affinity and Biological Activity.- Binding Kinetics and Biological Activity.- Antibody-Cell Interaction Concept.- Neuronal Uptake of Antibodies to Enzymes.- Antibody-Induced Neuronal Lesions.- Antibody to Neuropeptides, Uptake and Biological Effects.- Conclusions.- References.- 9 Circulating Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Pregnancy.- References.- 10 Therapeutic Effects of Neuroactive Drugs on Hypothalamo-Pituitary in Man.- Prolactin.- Growth Hormone.- ACTH.- Conclusions.- References.- 11 Cardiac Hormones and Neuroendocrine Function.- Cardiac Hormones: Isolation and Physiological Effects in the Periphery.- Cardiac Hormones: Presence and Actions in the Central Nervous System.- Cardiac Hormones: Are the Pharmacologic Effects Physiologically Significant?.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 12 Interactions Between the Circulating Hormones Angiotensin and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Their Receptors in Brain.- Materials and Methods.- Animals.- In Vitro Labeling of Peptide Receptors.- Receptor Autoradiography.- Results.- Distribution of Peptide Receptors in Brain.- Peptide Receptors in Hypertension.- Peptide Receptors in Alterations of Water Balance.- Peptide Receptors During Stress.- Brain Peptide Receptors After Endocrine Manipulations.- Discussion.- Conclusions.- References.- 13 The Anterior Third Ventricle Region is a Receptor Site for the Composition Rather than Volume of Body Fluids.- Cerebral Origin of a Natriuretic Hormone.- Sodium Concentration of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Renal Regulation of the Extracellular Fluid Volume.- Anterior Wall of the Third Cerebral Ventricle and Renal Sodium Excretion.- Atrial Appendectomy Impairs Natriuresis Induced by Isotonic and Hypertonic Saline Loads.- The
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