Beschreibung
Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria This book is the second volume of a seven-volume series, which covers all fields of research related to nitrogen fixation - from basic studies through applied aspects to environmental impacts. Volume II provides a comprehensive and detailed source of information concerning the genetics and regulation of biological nitrogen fixation in free-living prokaryotes. This preface attempts to provide the reader with some insight into how this volume originated, how it was planned, and then how it developed over the several years of its production. Once the editorial team was established, the first job was to decide which of the many free-living diazotrophs that have been subjected to genetic analysis should be included in this volume. Would we need to develop specific criteria for selection or would the organisms, in effect, select themselves? Of course, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii, which have served (and still serve) as the main model organisms for the genetic analysis of diazotrophy, plus some of the other bacteria described in this volume, did indeed select themselves. However, there was considerable discussion surrounding well-characterized fixing species, like Azorhizobium caulinodans and Herbaspirillum seropedicae, both of which are able to fix atmospheric N under free-living conditions.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Series Preface. Preface. List of Contributors. Dedication. 1: Historical Perspective - Development of nif Genetics and Regulation in Klebsiella pneumoniae; R. Dixon1. Introduction2. The Early Years3. Defining the K. pneumoniae nif Genes4. The Recombinant DNA Era5. nif Gene Regulation6. CodaReferences 2: Genetics of Nitrogen Fixation and Related Aspects of Metabolism in Species of Azotobacter: History and Current Status; C. Kennedy and P. Bishop1. Research on the Genus Azotobacter (1901-2003)2. Application of the Tools of Genetics and Molecular Biology in Species of Azotobacter3. The nif Genes encoding the Enzymes for Structure, Function, and Biosynthesis of Mo-containing Nitrogenase4. Regulation of Expression of nif and Associated Genes by Ammonium and O25. Ancillary Properties of Azotobacter Species that Aid the Efficiency of Nitrogen Fixation6. Discovery of Molybdenum-independent Nitrogenase Systems in A. vinelandii7. Molybdenum-independent Nitrogenase systems in other Azotobacter SpeciesAcknowledgementsReferences 3: Nitrogen Fixation in the Clostridia; J.-S. Chen1. Introduction2. The Nitrogen-fixing Clostridia3. Distinctive Features of the nif Genes of the Clostridia4. Genes of Ammonia Assimilation5. Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation and Ammonia Assimilation6. Concluding RemarksReferences 4: Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Methanogenic Archaea; J.A. Leigh1. Introduction2. History and Background3. Transcriptional Regulation4. Regulation of Nitrogenase Activity5. SummaryReferences 5: Nitrogen Fixation in Heterocyst-Forming Cyanobacteria; T. Thiel1. Introduction2. Structure of Heterocysts3. Nitrogenase Genes4. Heterocyst Metabolism5. Genes Important for Heterocyst Formation6. heterocyst Pattern Formation7. RegulationAcknowledgementsReferences 6: N2 Fixation by Non-Heterocystous Cyanobacteria; J.R. Gallon1. Introduction2. Non-heterocystous Cyanobacteria3. Patterns of N2 FixationAcknowledgementsReferences 7: Nitrogen Fixation in the Photosynthetic Purple Bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus; B. Masepohl, T. Drepper and W. Klipp1. Introduction2. Organization of Nitrogen-fixing Genes3. The Nitrogen-fixation Regulon of R. capsulatus4. Ammonium Control of Synthesis and Activity of both Nitrogenases5. Environmental Factors Controlling Nitrogen Fixation6. Linkage of Nitrogen Fixation, Photosynthesis, and Carbon Dioxide Assimilation7. Nitrogen Fixation in other Photosynthetic Purple BacteriaReferences 8: Post-translational Regulation of Nitorgenase in Photosynthetic Bacteria; S. Nordlund and P.W. Ludden1. Introduction2. Discovery of Nitrogen Fixation by Photosynthetic Bacteria3. In vitro Studies of Nitrogenase in Photosynthetic Bacteria4. The Protein Era5. Evidence for the Drat/Drag System in other Organisms6. Other ADP-Ribosylations7. Genetics of the Drag/Drat System8. Signal Transduction to Drat and Drat9. ConclustionsAcknowledgementReferences 9: Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Free-Living Diazotrophs; M.J. Merrick1. Introduction2. General Nitrogen Control Systems3. nif-specific Nitrogen Control4. Nitrogen Control of Nitrogenase Activity5. ConclusionsReferences 10: Molybdenum Uptake and Homeostatis; R.N. Pau1. Molybdenum Outside Cells2. Transport3. Cytoplasmic Molybdate-binding Proteins4. The ATP-binding Protein of the Molybdate Transporter5. The Regulatory Protein, ModE6. ConclustionsAcknowledgementsReferences 11: Electron Transport to Nitrogenase: Diverse Routes for a Common Destination; K. Saeki1. Introduction2. Direct Electron Donors to the Fe Protein of Nitrogenase3. Reduction of Electron-donor Proteins for the Fe Protein4. ConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferences 12: Prospects; J.R. Gallon and B. Masepohl Subject Index
