Beschreibung
Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 65. Chapters: Natural rubber, Cyanoacrylate, Silicone, Adhesive, Polyurethane, List of glues, Blu-Tack, Dentine bonding agents, Hot-melt adhesive, Epoxy, Bioadhesive, Animal glue, Pressure sensitive tape, J-B Weld, Wood glue, Redux, Pressure-sensitive adhesive, Speed glue, Polyvinyl acetate, Fevicol, Araldite, Postage stamp gum, Shoe Goo, Loctite, Anabond, Dry glue, Rabbit-skin glue, Rubber cement, Wheatpaste, Release liner, Glue stick, Thread-locking fluid, Self adhesive tape, Self-adhesive stamp, Mucilage, Pritt, Light activated resin, UHU, Canada balsam, Pidilite Industries, Diachylon, Gorilla Glue, Clag, Aerolite, Hoof glue, Fibrin glue, Ejiao, WKT, Isobutyl cyanoacrylate, Tackifier, Birch-tar, Milliput, Geckel, Dendrite, Water slide decal, Elmer's Products, Inc., Epoxy putty, EZ-Poly, Fugitive glue, Seccotine, Wallpaper paste, Copydex, Thermal adhesive, Q-Bond, Binder, Pelikanol, Resorcinol glue, Prestik, Adhesive Transfer Gun, Household cement. Excerpt: A polyurethane (PUR and PU) is any polymer composed of a chain of organic units joined by carbamate (urethane) links. Polyurethane polymers are formed through step-growth polymerization, by reacting a monomer (with at least two isocyanate functional groups) with another monomer (with at least two hydroxyl or alcohol groups) in the presence of a catalyst. Polyurethanes are applied to the manufacture of flexible, high-resilience foam seating; rigid foam insulation panels; microcellular foam seals and gaskets; durable elastomeric wheels and tires; automotive suspension bushings; electrical potting compounds; high performance adhesives; surface coatings and surface sealants; synthetic fibers (e.g. Spandex); carpet underlay; and hard-plastic parts (i.e. for electronic instruments). Moreover, polyurethane products often are inaccurately called "urethanes", but must not be confused with urethane proper (ethyl carbamate), because polyurethanes neither contain nor are produced from ethyl carbamate. The pioneering work on polyurethane polymers was conducted by Otto Bayer and his coworkers in 1937 at the laboratories of I.G. Farben in Leverkusen, Germany. They recognized that using the polyaddition principle to produce polyurethanes from liquid diisocyanates and liquid polyether or polyester diols seemed to point to special opportunities, especially when compared to already existing plastics that were made by polymerizing olefins, or by polycondensation. The new monomer combination also circumvented existing patents obtained by Wallace Carothers on polyesters. Initially, work focused on the production of fibres and flexible foams. With development constrained by World War II (when PUs were applied on a limited scale as aircraft coating), it was not until 1952 that polyisocyanates became commercially available. Commercial production of flexible polyurethane foam began in 1954, based on toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polyester polyols. The invention of these foams (initially cal
